Reference
Mechanisms of Action
Biology-focused explainers covering how different peptide classes interact with receptors, enzymes, and signalling pathways. Each page cites relevant research literature and links to the peptide profiles that share the mechanism.
# Mechanism Read
01 GLP-1 Receptor Agonism
How GLP-1 agonists modulate insulin, glucagon, gastric emptying, and central appetite signalling
Growth Hormone Secretion
The hypothalamic–pituitary axis and how GHRPs and GHRH analogues modulate GH release
Angiogenesis & Tissue Repair
How BPC-157 and TB-500 promote blood vessel formation and accelerate tissue healing
Collagen Synthesis
Copper peptides and growth factors in collagen production and extracellular matrix remodelling
Melanocortin Receptor Activation
MC1R–MC5R signalling: pigmentation, sexual arousal, appetite, and immune regulation
Telomerase Activation
Telomere biology and the proposed mechanism by which Epitalon influences cellular senescence
GLP-1, GLP-2 and GLP-3 Receptors
How proglucagon-derived incretin hormones signal through distinct receptors with different physiological and pharmacological profiles
Ghrelin Receptor (GHS-R1a)
How GHRPs and MK-677 activate GHS-R1a to drive pulsatile GH secretion and appetite signalling
IGF-1 Pathway
IGF-1 receptor activation, PI3K-Akt-mTOR protein synthesis, and MAPK-ERK proliferation downstream of GH
Melanocortin System
MC1R-MC5R receptor subtypes from POMC: pigmentation, appetite, sexual arousal, and immune modulation
Mitochondrial Biogenesis
PGC-1alpha regulation, AMPK and SIRT1 upstream signals, and how SS-31, MOTS-c, and NAD+ interact with mitochondrial pathways